Kursk [KRK]
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Registered by
[Deactivated User] on 13 June 2023
Language type
Artistic Language (Artlang)
Species
Human/humanoid
About Kursk
Skv-ixhy-ü# V=#
Ry-eaxht-a#
Vz-e=# Ryy-int-iy--ôx.
Skvichyuo v Ryeachta vze Ryyintouc
The Kursk Language
Kursk is an Ester-Sirti Language of the Kursk branch that is spoken primarily in the Grand Duchy of Luyasia and Peremeria. For the most part, it is a highly fusional language whose grammar has been mostly retained from its predecessor, Laecen.
Kursk's Features:
Grammatical Features:
Skv-ixhy-ü# V=#
Ry-eaxht-a#
Vz-e=# Ryy-int-iy--ôx.
Kursk is an Ester-Sirti Language of the Kursk branch that is spoken primarily in the Grand Duchy of Luyasia and Peremeria. For the most part, it is a highly fusional language whose grammar has been mostly retained from its predecessor, Laecen.
Kursk's Features:
- Very free word order, but tends towards SVO and SOV, and somewhat commonly OVS.
- Highly fusional language, combining Plurality, Case, and Animacy all into a single suffix for nouns, and combining TAM, Voice, and Plurality into verbs.
- Palatization Vowel-Consonant Harmony meant to distinguish it from most other languages in Kariaes.
- Nonvowel nuclei, with syllabic forms of /r n l m/ and more becoming the nucleus.
- An alphabetical Conscript written both vertically left-to-right, and left-to-right vertically depending on the writer's specific need.
- Beginning, middle, end, and isolated forms of each letter.
- Specified base-10 numerals.
- Shared with Sirti
- Adjectives and adverbs agree with the nouns and verbs they modify.
Grammatical Features:
- Nouns:
- Cases: NOMNominative (case)
TRANS subject, INTR argument,GENGenitive (case)
possessive,ABLAblative (case)
away from,ACCAccusative (case)
TRANS direct object; patient - Numbers: SGSingular (number)
one countable entity,PLPlural (number)
more than one/few - Animacy: ANAnimate (gender/class)
alive, moving,MODModerate (animacy)
not-quite-animate,INInanimate (gender/class)
for non-living things - Verbs:
- Tense/Aspect: PREPresent,IMFPImperfect past (tense/aspect),IMFFImperfect future (tense/aspect),PFVPerfective (aspect)
completed action,PLUPPluperfect (tense)
anterior action - Voices: ACTActive voice (valency, volition)
the subject acts, voluntarily,PASSPassive voice (valency)
be verb-ed - Mood: INDIndicative mood (mood)
a common form of realis,SJVSubjunctive (TAM)
hypothetical ,INFInfinitive (TAM)
non-tensed verb,IMPImperative (mood)
command,GERGerund
verbal noun - Numbers: SGSingular (number)
one countable entity,PLPlural (number)
more than one/few - Persons: 1First person (person)
speaker, signer, etc; I,2Second person (person)
addressee (you),3Third person (person)
neither speaker nor addressee
Sample of Kursk[view] Dveaivr nyinyeajhta hyeanirlijirya levnyivr vze tyegalivr vin vasyaschfyet vzasyichyyichty. Vyoruuom tuom nichtirljirya novyimisyyicht vze nyoblioulyicht ghze meneazlyo ticha jihivltyeat vin meyanijta v manyeachyuo,[view all texts]
Sound samples in Kursk
Some sound samples of Kursk. Maximum of 6 shown. Click the links to see the full texts.
Kurskyyicht vyyacor
I speak English
I speak English
Language family relationships
Language treeEster-Sirti
⤷ Pakamishi
⤷ Proto-Kursk
⤷ Old Kursk
⤷ Kursk
⤷ Pakamishi
⤷ Proto-Kursk
⤷ Old Kursk
⤷ Kursk
[view] About Ester-SirtiA family of languages dominating the Eastern Ester continent, from the Northern Dwarvish languages to the Southern Kursk dialects. Nearly all of the huge continent speaks some form of an Ester-Sirti language.
Phonology
Consonants | Bilabial | Labio- dental | Dental | Alveolar | Alveolo- palatal | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||||||||
Nasal | m | n1 | [ɲ:ʲ]2 | [ŋ:]3 | ||||||||||||
Plosive | p | b | t | d | k | g | ʔ | |||||||||
Fricative | f | v | θ | ð | s4 | z5 | ɕʲ6 | ʑʲ7 | x | ɣ | [h]8 | |||||
Affricate | t͡s | t͡ɕʲ9 | d͡ʑʲ10 | |||||||||||||
Lateral approximant | l11 | ʎʲ12 | ||||||||||||||
Approximant | jʲ13 | |||||||||||||||
Trill | r | |||||||||||||||
Flap | ɾ |
- becomes /ɲ:/ when palatalized or before iotation
- palatalised; iotates vowels, allophone of /n/
- prevelar, allophone of /n/
- becomes /ɕ/ when palatalized or before iotation
- becomes /ʑ/ when palatalized or before iotation
- spreads palatization to adjacent consonants and iotates vowels
- spreads palatization to adjacent consonants and iotates vowels
- prevocalic; becomes aspirated postconsonant, allophone of /x/
- spreads palatization to adjacent consonants and iotates vowels
- spreads palatization to adjacent consonants and iotates vowels
- becomes /ʎ/ when palatalized or before iotation
- spreads palatization to adjacent consonants and iotates vowels
- spreads palatization to adjacent consonants and iotates vowels
Vowels | Front | Central | Near- back | Back | ||||
Close | i ʲi | ɯ ʲɯ | ||||||
Near-close | [ʊ:]1 | |||||||
Close-mid | e ʲe | o ʲo | ||||||
Mid | [ə̃]2 | |||||||
Open-mid | ɛ ʲɛ | ʌ ʲʌ | ɔ ʲɔ | |||||
Near-open | æ ʲæ | |||||||
Open | ɑ ʲɑ |
- wordfinal, allophone of /ɯ/
- prenasal, allophone of /ɑ/
Syllable StructureSyllable Structure in Kursk is rather complex compared to most other Kariaes languages. For its onset, the maximum structure is, save for some extremely rare loan words, CCL, where L is a liquid. The nucleus can be either V, VV, or L, where L is a syllabic liquid. Codas has a max syllable structure of CCCCC, creating a total syllable structure of (C)(C)(L)[(V)(VV)(L)](C)(C)(C)(C)(C).
Stress informationStress in Kursk is always placed upon the initial syllable, no matter what. And there are no stress-related distinctions within Kursk.
OtherKursk has Vowel-Consonant harmony with palatalization, with palatal consonants spreading palatalization to the right until meeting either the end of the word or a vowel, which is iotated and blocks the harmony. Only the iotated vowels are significant however.
Orthography
Below is the orthography for Kursk. This includes all graphemes as defined in the language's phonology settings - excluding the non-distinct graphemes/polygraphs.
KurskOrthography [edit] | |||||||||
-; - // | A# a /ɑ/, [ə̃]1 | Æ# æ /æ/ | B; b /b/ | X; c /ɕʲ/2 | D; d /d/ | E# e /e/ | Ea# ea /ɛ/ | F; f /f/ | G; g /g/ |
H; h /x/, [h]3 | I# i /i/ | J; j /ʑʲ/4 | K; k /k/ | L=# l /l/5 | W; ly /ʎʲ/6 | M=# m /m/ | N=# n /n/7, [ɲ:ʲ]8, [ŋ:]9 | O# o /o/ | Ô# ou /ɔ/ |
P; p /p/ | R=# r /r/, /ɾ/ | S; s /s/10 | T; t /t/ | U# u /ɯ/, [ʊ:]11 | Ü# uo /ʌ/ | V=# v /v/ | Y; y /jʲ/12 | Z; z /z/13 | ~; ' /ʔ/ |
✔ Shown in correct order [change] |
- prenasal
- spreads palatization to adjacent consonants and iotates vowels
- prevocalic; becomes aspirated postconsonant
- spreads palatization to adjacent consonants and iotates vowels
- becomes /ʎ/ when palatalized or before iotation
- spreads palatization to adjacent consonants and iotates vowels
- becomes /ɲ:/ when palatalized or before iotation
- palatalised; iotates vowels
- prevelar
- becomes /ɕ/ when palatalized or before iotation
- wordfinal
- spreads palatization to adjacent consonants and iotates vowels
- becomes /ʑ/ when palatalized or before iotation
Latest 8 related articles listed below.
Numerals in Kursk
How Numerals operate in the Kursk language.
17-Jun-23 13:48