Tiian Relative Clauses
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How Relative Clauses Work, the particle e
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 21 Apr 2017, 23:40.
[comments] tiigrammarrelative clauses
1. -to verbs
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4. Lesson #1
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7. Tiian Syntax
?FYI...
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This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
Relative clauses in
Tiian are not particularly difficult. They occur before the noun, and are generally the first item in a nominal phrase; they come as a full clause with the particle エ at the end (note that as this fills the TP slot, verbal particles can be omitted). As such, a sentence with a relative clause looks like this:ナァマ マィマ カロィ エ スラハ アダザゥ テ
naa-ma mai-ma karoi e sura-ha alashau te
1SFirst person singular (person)
speaker, signer, etc.; I.FEMFeminine (gender)
feminine or female.FAMFamiliar (respect/formality)
with friends, family, peers-NOMNominative (case)
TRANS subject, INTR argument 2SSecond person singular (person)
addressee (you).FEMFeminine (gender)
feminine or female.FAMFamiliar (respect/formality)
with friends, family, peers-NOMNominative (case)
TRANS subject, INTR argument love.platonically RELRelative man-DATDative (case)
indirect object; recipient, beneficiary, location give.PERFPerfect (aspect/tense)
have verb-ed AFFAffirmative (polarity)
positive, opposite of NEG
I gave (it) to the man you love (platonically).
▼ If the syntax tree would help you...
][V karoi]]][T -]]][C e]]][N' [N sura(i)]]]][D ha]]][DP -][V alashau]]][T te]]]&color=1&antialias=1&autosub=1&triangles=1&fontsel=vera_sans&font=Vera.ttf&fontsize=10&time=1714059271 "[TP [DP naa-ma][T' [VP [V' [DP [D' [NP [N' [CP [C' [TP [DP mai-ma][T' [VP [V' [DP (i)][V karoi]]][T -]]][C e]]][N' [N sura(i)]]]][D ha]]][DP -][V alashau]]][T te]]]")
However, エ also has a second usage: it is used in place of ハ for subordinate clauses with non-core cases, and can be used with core cases in informal speech when the case is not obvious from context. In these cases, the CP phrase that エ is the head of actually goes inside of a DP phrase marked with the standard pro/nominal particles.
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