Pkhen Pronunciation Changes
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An outline of how pronunciation can differ
This public article was written by [Deactivated User] on 5 Feb 2019, 21:05.
[comments] pjepronunciationshift
1. Compound Words
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3. English Lesson I
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4. Full Names
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6. Pkhen Classes
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7. Pkhen Conscript
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8. Pkhen Dates
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9. Pkhen Lesson I
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10. Pkhen Lesson II
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11. Pkhen Lesson III
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12. Pkhen Lesson IV
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13. Pkhen Lesson V
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14. Pkhén Names
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15. Pkhen Politeness
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17. Pkhen Vulgarity
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18. Pkhenic History
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In Pkhen, like most languages, sounds can be pronunced differently then how they are written, this is best shown with the letter [br], which can be pronunced any of the following ways: /ʙ,ʙˠ,br,bɣ,bʷ,bʀ,bɹ,bɣʰ,ʀˠ,ʀʰ,b,β,βˠ,βʷ/. This all depends on where it is in a sentence and how bothered the speaker can be to pronounce something correctly; this is also why I don't pronunce the audio samples exactly.As in most languages, there are regoinal varients, with a Læh̠én accent spoken in the north and a Fi̠n accent spoken in the south.
Here is a table outlining the different pronunciations for different accents (these are general, but they do differ slightly between county):
| Letter | Official Pronunciation | "New" Pronunciation | Læh̠én | Fi̠n | Lwu'u Amul |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ' | /ʔ/ | / / | / / | /ʔ/ | / / |
| A | /a/ | /a/ | /a/ | /æ/ | /a/ |
| AA | /a:/ | /a/ | /a:/ | /æ/ | /a/ |
| Á | /aʰ/ | /a/ | /a/ | /æ/ | /a/ |
| Æ | /æ/ | /a̟~æ/ | /æ/ | /æ/ | /æ/ |
| ÆÆ | /æ:/ | /a̟~æ/ | /æ:/ | /æ/ | /æ/ |
| Ǽ | /æʰ/ | /a̟~æ/ | /æ/ | /æ/ | /æ/ |
| B | /b/ | /b/ | /b/ | /b/ | /b/ |
| BR | /ʙ/ | /ʙ,β,br,bɹ,bʷ/ | /ʙ,β,bɹ/ | /β/ | /bɹ/ |
| C | /c/ | /c,tʲ/ | /c/ | /c/ | /tʲ/ |
| D | /d/ | /d/ | /d/ | /d/ | /d/ |
| DH | /ð/ | /ð/ | /ð/ | /ð/ | /ð/ |
| E | /e/ | /e/ | /e/ | /ɛ/ | /ɛ/ |
| EE | /e:/ | /e/ | /e:/ | /ɛ/ | /ɛ/ |
| É | /eʰ/ | /e/ | /e/ | /ɛ/ | /ɛ/ |
| Ɛ | /ɛ/ | /e̟~ɛ/ | /ɛ/ | /ɛ/ | /ɛ/ |
| ƐƐ | /ɛ:/ | /e̟~ɛ/ | /ɛ:/ | /ɛ/ | /ɛ/ |
| Ɛ́ | /ɛʰ/ | /e̟~ɛ/ | /ɛ/ | /ɛ/ | /ɛ/ |
| F | /f/ | /f/ | /f/ | /f/ | /f/ |
| G | /g/ | /g/ | /g/ | /g/ | /g/ |
| GH | /ɣ/ | /ɣ,ʀ,gˠ/ | /ɣ/ | /ʀ/ | /ɣ/ |
| GR | /ʀ/ | /ʀ,ɣ/ | /ʀ/ | /ʀ/ | /ɣ/ |
| H | /h/ | /ħ/ | /ħ~h/ | /h/ | /h/ |
| H̠ | /ħ/ | N/A | N/A | /ħ/ | /h/ |
| I | /i/,/j/ | /i/,/j/ | /i/ | /ɪ/ | /i/ |
| II | /i:/ | /i/ | /i:/ | /ɪ/ | /i/ |
| Í | /iʰ/ | /i/ | /i/ | /ɪ/ | /i/ |
| I̠ | /ɪ/ | /i̞~ɪ/ | /ɪ/ | /ɪ/ | /i/ |
| I̠I̠ | /ɪ:/ | /i̞~ɪ/ | /ɪ:/ | /ɪ/ | /i/ |
| Í̠ | /ɪʰ/ | /i̞~ɪ/ | /ɪ/ | /ɪ/ | /i/ |
| K | /k/ | /k/ | /k/ | /k/ | /k/ |
| KH | /x/ | /x,ɦ/ | /x/ | /ɦ/ | /x/ |
| M | /m/ | /m/ | /m/ | /m/ | /m/ |
| N | /n/ | /n/ | /n/ | /n/ | /n/ |
| O | /o/ | /o/ | /o/ | /o/ | /ə/ |
| OO | /o:/ | /o/ | /o:/ | /o/ | /ə/ |
| Ó | /oʰ/ | /o/ | /o/ | /o/ | /ə/ |
| O̠ | /ɑ/ | /ɑ,o̠/ | /ɑ/ | /ə/ | /ə/ |
| O̠O̠ | /ɑ:/ | /ɑ,o̠/ | /ɑ:/ | /ə/ | /ə/ |
| Ó̠ | /ɑʰ/ | /ɑ,o̠/ | /ɑ/ | /ə/ | /ə/ |
| Ɔ | /ɔ/ | /ɔ,o̞/ | /ɔ/ | /o/ | /ə/ |
| ƆƆ | /ɔ:/ | /ɔ,o̞/ | /ɔ:/ | /o/ | /ə/ |
| Ɔ́ | /ɔʰ/ | /ɔ,o̞/ | /ɔ/ | /o/ | /ə/ |
| P | /p/ | /p/ | /p/ | /p/ | /p/ |
| Q | /q/ | /q/ | /q/ | /q/ | /q/ |
| R | /r/ | /r,ɹ/ | /r/ | /r/ | /r/ |
| S | /s/ | /s/ | /s/ | /s/ | /s/ |
| SH | /ʃ/ | /ʃ/ | /ʃ/ | /ʃ/ | /ʃ/ |
| T | /t/ | /t/ | /t/ | /t/ | /t/ |
| TH | /θ/ | /θ/ | /θ/ | /θ/ | /θ/ |
| U | /u/, /w/ | /u/, /w/ | /u/ | /u/ | /u/ |
| UU | /u:/ | /u/ | /u:/ | /u/ | /u/ |
| Ú | /uʰ/ | /u/ | /u/ | /u/ | /u/ |
| V | /v/ | /v/ | /v/ | /v/ | /v/ |
| Y | /y/ | /y,i̝/ | /y/ | /i,j/ | /i/ |
| YY | /y:/ | /y,i̝/ | /y:/ | /i,j/ | /i/ |
| Ý | /yʰ/ | /y,i̝/ | /y/ | /i/ | /i/ |
| Z | /z/ | /z/ | /z/ | /z/ | /z/ |
| ZH | /ʒ/ | /ʒ/ | /ʒ/ | /ʒ/ | /ʒ/ |
Personally, I use a mix of the New Pronunciation and Læh̠én, but I pronunce the /'/, which just makes me a middle-class speaker of Læh̠én. ✎ Edit Article ✖ Delete Article
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