Koiho [KOIH]
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Registered by
[Deactivated User] on 8 July 2021
Language type
Not specified
Place & SpeakersKoiho is spoken by a population of around 112,000,000 .
Species
Human/humanoid
About Koiho
The Koiho language, or Standard Koiho (hạnọkkạlla kịosạman [ˈhanokːʰaɫɐ ˈkʰiɔsamnɐ]) is the most widely spoken language in the fictional country of Koiho, located in the Social Liberal Union. Standard Koiho has cemented itself in modern times as the most commonly spoken language for oral and written communication, being preferred over English even in touristic spots within Koiho. 78% of inhabitants inside of Koiho speak Standard Koiho as their native language and over 95% speak it as at least a second language. The demonym 'Koiho' is often used to refer to the language as well as the people who speak it.
Standard Koiho uses two official writing systems: an abugida script as well as a transliteration alphabet derived from Syntax. Its traditional script is read from left to right and uses a system of markings in order to represent vowels and their pronunciation differences. Consonant length is distinguished, and stress typically falls on the first syllable of words with some exceptions. Some consonants and vowels follow a pattern of consonant gradation and vowel assimilation, which is specified by single or double vowel markings placed above or below consonant glyphs in the traditional script, and by a system of diacritic marks placed below the vowel in the Syntax script. Standard Koiho is a synthetic agglutinative language, which uses a variety of suffixes and word segments that are combined with grammatical roots in order to create complex meaning. All forms of words, which are divided between nouns, adjectives, and verbs, are inflected with pronouns as well as other modifications that change their role in the sentence. Standard Koiho also has no grammatical gender, animacy distinctions, or tense; instead, verbs are conjugated by aspect, valency, and mood. In addition, the spatial relationship of subjects are communicated through postpositions as well as an extensive case system.
Below, "Standard Koiho" is written:
ħãnûkkãlla ĵõwosãmän
Standard Koiho uses two official writing systems: an abugida script as well as a transliteration alphabet derived from Syntax. Its traditional script is read from left to right and uses a system of markings in order to represent vowels and their pronunciation differences. Consonant length is distinguished, and stress typically falls on the first syllable of words with some exceptions. Some consonants and vowels follow a pattern of consonant gradation and vowel assimilation, which is specified by single or double vowel markings placed above or below consonant glyphs in the traditional script, and by a system of diacritic marks placed below the vowel in the Syntax script. Standard Koiho is a synthetic agglutinative language, which uses a variety of suffixes and word segments that are combined with grammatical roots in order to create complex meaning. All forms of words, which are divided between nouns, adjectives, and verbs, are inflected with pronouns as well as other modifications that change their role in the sentence. Standard Koiho also has no grammatical gender, animacy distinctions, or tense; instead, verbs are conjugated by aspect, valency, and mood. In addition, the spatial relationship of subjects are communicated through postpositions as well as an extensive case system.
Below, "Standard Koiho" is written:
ħãnûkkãlla ĵõwosãmän
Sample of Koiho[view] Ọskana ẹkọhnastana ạhtạn nohạnọkna hạkọssetạše.
Knowledge is a deadly friend if no one sets the rules.[view all texts]
Knowledge is a deadly friend if no one sets the rules.[view all texts]
Language family relationships
[view] About IsolatesThis is a family for isolate languages.
Phonology
| Consonants | Bilabial | Labio- dental | Dental | Alveolar | Post- Alveolar | Retroflex | Alveolo- palatal | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | Other | |||||||||||
| Nasal | m [ˀm]1 [m̥]2 | n [ˀn]3 [n̥]4 | [ɲ]5 [ɲ̥]6 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Plosive | p pʰ | t tʼ tʰ | [ʈ]7 [ʈʰ]8 | k kʼ kʰ | [ʔ]9 | |||||||||||||||||
| Fricative | [f]10 | v | [θ]11 | ð | s | ʃ | [ʂ]12 | (ɕ)13 | [ç]14 | [ʝ]15 | h | |||||||||||
| Affricate | t͡s | t͡ʃ | [ʈ͡ʂ]16 | [t͡ɕ]17 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Lateral approximant | [l̥]18 | l | [ɫ:]19 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Approximant | [ʋ]20 | j | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Trill | [r:]21 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Flap | [ɾ̥]22 | ɾ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Blends | ft | ɾ̥k | n̥t | ɲk | θk | ɾ̥ʈ | fk | l̥t | l̥k | ɲ̊k |
- Occurs before b, allophone of /m/
- Occurs before aspirated consonants k, p, t, and c
- Occurs before d, allophone of /n/
- Occurs before aspirated consonants k, p, t, and c, allophone of /n/
- Occurs before unaspirated consonants g, b, and d, allophone of /n/
- Occurs before consonants k, p, t, and c, allophone of /n/
- Occurs after consonant r, allophone of /t/
- Occurs after consonant r; aspirated, allophone of /tʰ/
- Occurs at the end of consonant segments, allophone of /k/
- Occurs before aspirated consonants k, p, t, and c, allophone of /v/
- Occurs before aspirated consonants k, p, t, and c, allophone of /ð/
- Occurs after consonant r, allophone of /ʃ/
- Occurs before consonant j, allophone of /ʃ/
- Occurs between i and ʰj, allophone of /j/
- Occurs when /j/ is preaspirated, allophone of /j/
- Occurs before c, allophone of /t͡ʃ/
- Occurs before consonant j, allophone of /t͡ʃ/
- Occurs before consonants k, p, t, and c, allophone of /l/
- Occurs when /l/ is geminated, allophone of /l/
- Occurs between two vowels, allophone of /v/
- Occurs when /ɾ/ is geminated, allophone of /ɾ/
- Occurs before consonants k, p, t, and c, allophone of /ɾ/
| Vowels | Front | Near- front | Central | Back | ||||
| Close | i [i̯]1 | u | ||||||
| Near-close | [ɪ]2 | [ʏ]3 | ||||||
| Close-mid | e | ø | o | |||||
| Open-mid | [ɛ]4 | [ɜ]5 | [ɔ]6 | |||||
| Near-open | æ | [ɐ]7 | ||||||
| Open | a | |||||||
| Polyphthongs | ɜi̯ | ai̯ | ei̯ | ui̯ | ʏi̯ | æi̯ | ɛi̯ | ɐi̯ | oi̯ | ɔi̯ |
| øi̯ |
- Used for vowel diphthongs, allophone of /i/
- Unstressed, allophone of /i/
- Unstressed, allophone of /u/
- Unstressed, allophone of /e/
- Unstressed, allophone of /ø/
- Unstressed, allophone of /o/
- Unstressed, allophone of /a/
Stress informationStress is almost always on the first syllable of every word, and in compound words the stress is often put on the beginning of each word segment as well.
Orthography
Below is the orthography for Koiho. This includes all graphemes as defined in the language's phonology settings - excluding the non-distinct graphemes/polygraphs.
 KoihoOrthography [edit] | |||||||||||
| Ạạ/a/ | Ậậ/æ/ | Kk/kʰ/ | Gg/k/ | Hh/h/ | Pp/pʰ/ | Bb/p/ | Vv/v/, [ʋ]1, [f]2 | Ẹẹ/e/ | Ệệ/ø/ | Tt/tʰ/ | Dd/t/ |
| Đđ/ð/ | Ss/s/ | Šš/ʃ/ | Ịị/i/ | Rr/ɾ/, [ɾ̥]3 | Ll/l/, [l̥]4 | Ọọ/o/ | Mm/m/, [m̥]5 | Nn/n/, [ɲ̥]6, [ɲ]7 | Cc/t͡ʃ/ | Jj/j/ | Ụụ/u/ |
| ✔ Shown in correct order [change] | |||||||||||
- Occurs between two vowels
- Occurs before aspirated consonants k, p, t, and c
- Occurs before consonants k, p, t, and c
- Occurs before consonants k, p, t, and c
- Occurs before aspirated consonants k, p, t, and c
- Occurs before consonants k, p, t, and c
- Occurs before unaspirated consonants g, b, and d
