Lulian phonotactics
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phonotacticalicious rules
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 17 Mar 2020, 23:06.
[comments] llhphonotacticsverbstransitiveintransitivetense
2. Lulian numbers
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4. Lulian pronouns
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5. Lulian verbs
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Intransitive verbs take the form EFCVLE, where:
- E is an ejective: t' k' q' x' x̣' ɬ' ts' tc' kx' qx̣' tɬ'
- F is a long fricative (ss, zz, xx, x̣x̣, ɬɬ, gg)
- C is any consonant
- V is a vowel (i or u)
- L is a short creaky voiced consonant (l y r z ɣ)
For example: tc' - ss - kx' - u - r - tc'
The long fricative and short creaky consonant can be altered to indicate tense, aspect, mood, etc. For example:
- In unaltered form the verb indicates non-future tense (NFUTNon-future (tense)
past and present): tc'sskx'urtc' die/died. - A long creaky consonant indicates immediate-future tense (IMMImmediate (tense)
'immediate or near future'): tc'sskx'urrtc' will die imminently. - A double-long creaky consonant indicates a general future tense (FUTFuture (tense)
action occurring after the moment of speech): tc'sskx'urrrtc' will die.
Transitive verbs take the form SVLCCFE, where:
- S is an ejective or click: t' k' q' x' x̣' ɬ' ts' tc' kx' qx̣' tɬ' ǃ ǁ ǂ
- V is a vowel (i or u)
- L is a long creaky voiced consonant (ll yy rr zz gg)
- C is any consonant
- F is a short fricative (s, z, x, x̣, ɬ, g)
- E is an ejective: t' k' q' x' x̣' ɬ' ts' tc' kx' qx̣' tɬ'
For example: qx̣' - u - rr - x̣' - ǂ - s - kx'
As with intransitives, tense is indicated by altering the length of a consonant, such as the short fricative. For example:
- In unaltered form the verb indicates non-future tense (NFUTNon-future (tense)
past and present): qx̣'urrx̣'ǂskx' eat/ate. - A long fricative indicates immediate-future tense (IMMImmediate (tense)
'immediate or near future'): qx̣'urrx̣'ǂsskx' will eat imminently. - A double-long creaky consonant indicates a general future tense (FUTFuture (tense)
action occurring after the moment of speech): qx̣'urrx̣'ǂssskx' will eat.
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